Collagen
Collagen is a protein the provides structure and support to the skin, bone, muscle and connective tissue. It is derived from the connective tissue of animals and contains a diverse range of amino acids. Collagen is the most abundant protein in the body, however, as we age its production slows. KAILO Nutrition’s Optimise Range contains Bovine collagen peptides, which typically contains mixture type I, II and III collagen (Wang, 2021). Bovine collagen has been seen to have low immunogenicity (Wang, 2021), meaning the body is unlikely to detect the collagen peptides as foreign thus more readily accepts the peptides. Collagen can come in the form of collagen protein or collagen peptides. When collagen protein hydrolysed, it breaks down into the form of collagen peptides- these collagen peptides more easily absorbed by the body (Wang, 2021).Collagen supplementation has proven to improve the skin in multiple ways ranging from increasing skin elasticity, smoothness and hydration (Bolke, 2019) as well as reducing skin aging and UV-B damage to skin (Wang, 2021). Studies have also shown collagen peptide supplementation can improve muscle mass and strength along with improving wound healing and provide joint pain relief (Wang, 2021).
Wang H. (2021). A Review of the Effects of Collagen Treatment in Clinical Studies. Polymers, 13(22), 3868. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13223868Bolke, L., Schlippe, G., Gerß, J., & Voss, W. (2019). A Collagen Supplement Improves Skin Hydration, Elasticity, Roughness, and Density: Results of a Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Blind Study. Nutrients, 11(10), 2494. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102494
Super Greens Blend
KAILO’s Super Greens Blend consists of 4 components: Spirulina, Chlorella, Wheat Grass and Barley Grass. These nutrient-dense constituents, both alone and in combination, have been seen to have majorly beneficial effects on the body. Benefits range from improving inflammation; improving immune response and preventing disease.
Spirulina is a blue-green algae, found in fresh and marine waters across the world. It is a rich source of vitamins and protein with minimal side-effects when consumed (Karkos et al, 2010).
Chlorella is a green fresh water algae that has been seen to largely improve inflammation of the skin (Kim, 2018) as well as reduce total cholesterol and improve other factors that influence heart health (Bito et al, 2020).
Wheat Grass is another great antioxidant, reducing damage caused to cells during oxidative stress (Parit et al, 2018). Studies have shown that Wheat Grass has disease preventing properties and plays a role in metabolism and energy (Parit et al, 2018).
Barley Grass, a plant rich in amino acids and minerals, has been seen to help with detoxification of the liver; regulation in blood sugar and blood pressure; reducing acne and more (Zeng et al, 2018). Daily consumption of Barley Grass has been seen to be hugely beneficial to overall health and disease prevention (Zeng et al, 2018).
Karkos, P. D., Leong, S. C., Karkos, C. D., Sivaji, N., & Assimakopoulos, D. A. (2011). Spirulina in clinical practice: evidence-based human applications. Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM, 2011, 531053. https://doi.org/10.1093/ecam/nen058 Kim, J. H., Lee, J. E., Kim, K. H., & Kang, N. J. (2018). Beneficial Effects of Marine Algae-Derived Carbohydrates for Skin Health. Marine drugs, 16(11), 459. https://doi.org/10.3390/md16110459 Bito, T., Okumura, E., Fujishima, M., & Watanabe, F. (2020). Potential of Chlorella as a Dietary Supplement to Promote Human Health. Nutrients, 12(9), 2524. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092524 Parit, S. B., Dawkar, V. V., Tanpure, R. S., Pai, S. R., & Chougale, A. D. (2018). Nutritional Quality and Antioxidant Activity of Wheatgrass (Triticum aestivum) Unwrap by Proteome Profiling and DPPH and FRAP assays. Journal of food science, 83(8), 2127–2139. https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.14224 Zeng, Y., Pu, X., Yang, J., Du, J., Yang, X., Li, X., Li, L., Zhou, Y., & Yang, T. (2018). Preventive and Therapeutic Role of Functional Ingredients of Barley Grass for Chronic Diseases in Human Beings. Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity, 2018, 3232080. https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/3232080
MSM
This naturally occurring, sulfur-containing chemical is widely known for its effects on the skin both internally and externally. Methyl Sulfonyl Methane (MSM) has been seen to reduce inflammation as well as reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles (Anthonavage & Benjamin, 2015). Sulfur has been associated with improving skin health due to its contribution to collagen synthesis (Anthonavage & Benjamin, 2015) and stabilizing hyaluronic acid (Yu et al, 2020). The anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of MSM allows the compound to reduce damage to cells by inhibiting inflammatory cascades and reducing oxidative stress to cells (Anthonavage & Benjamin, 2015). Alongside this, MSM has also been seen to play a role in supporting immune response which is largely due to its interaction with the processes of oxidative stress and inflammation (Butawan, 2017).
Anthonavage, Michael & Benjamin, Rodney. (2015). Effects of Oral Supplementation With Methylsulfonylmethane on Skin Health and Wrinkle Reduction. Natural Medicine Journal. Vol 7. Yu, Y., Zhu, S., Hou, Y., Li, J., & Guan, S. (2020). Sulfur Contents in Sulfonated Hyaluronic Acid Direct the Cardiovascular Cells Fate. ACS applied materials & interfaces, 12(41), 46827–46836. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.0c15729 Butawan, M., Benjamin, R. L., & Bloomer, R. J. (2017). Methylsulfonylmethane: Applications and Safety of a Novel Dietary Supplement. Nutrients, 9(3), 290. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9030290ZincZinc is an essential mineral and trace element that performs multiple important functions in the body. Along with improving immunity, Zinc has also been observed to assist in wound repair and shows antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties (Gupta et al, 2014). Zinc has been used within the field of Dermatology for its positive effects on conditions such as Inflammatory Dermatoses and Psoriasis (Gupta et al, 2014). Hair growth has also been documented as a positive benefit of Zinc supplementation (Gupta et al, 2014). Zinc has also been shown to play a vital role in function of both the adaptive and innate immune system (Wessels et al, 2017). Though it was once rare, Zinc deficiency has become very common and can result in chronic inflammation; immune dysfunction; stunted growth and more (Wessels et al, 2017).
Gupta, M., Mahajan, V. K., Mehta, K. S., & Chauhan, P. S. (2014). Zinc therapy in dermatology: a review. Dermatology research and practice, 2014, 709152. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/709152 Wessels, I., Maywald, M., & Rink, L. (2017). Zinc as a Gatekeeper of Immune Function. Nutrients, 9(12), 1286. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu9121286
Vitamin B Complex
Look Well contains a range of different B Vitamins, such as Vitamin B1; B2; B3; B6; B12 Pantothenic Acid (B5) and Biotin (B7). Vitamin Bs are water-soluble vitamins essential for many different metabolic processes, production of specific cells and molecules as well as many other functions. Vitamin Bs are most well known for their effects on the immune system and energy production, however they also have a large influence on skin health. Deficiency in Vitamin B is known to be associated with skin conditions thus making B Vitamin supplementation a promising form of treatment (Elgharably et al, 2022). Vitamin B1, also referred to as Thiamin, is known for its antioxidant properties in order to protect cells from oxidative stress (Mitra et al, 2022). Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) acts as a cofactor for enzymes necessary in energy production, meaning Vitamin B2 must be present for these reactions to take place (Mitra et al, 2022). Because of this, Vitamin B2 is vital for the optimal functioning of many systems in the body including the immune system (Mitra et al, 2022). Vitamin B3 (Niacin) activates the innate immune system, first line of defense against foreign invaders to the body whilst also showing anti-inflammatory properties (Mitra et al, 2022). Alongside this, Vitamin B3 has been shown to delay effects of UV radiation damage, manage oxidative stress, repair DNA damage as well as possessing anti-ageing properties and an ability to improve acne (Elgharably et al, 2022). Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid) is a potent antioxidant, reducing oxidative damage done to cells within the body (Mitra et al, 2022). Vitamin B5 is a precursor for coenzyme A, which is a necessary cofactor in the production of energy and the oxidation of fatty acids (Bourgin et al, 2022). Vitamin B6 (Pyridoxine) is essential in the production of neurotransmitters and hemoglobin as well as playing an important role in methylation (Elgharably et al, 2022). Deficiencies of B6 have been linked to skin inflammation and dermatitis (Elgharably et al, 2022) as well as reduced antibody production, and thus impaired immunity (Mitra et al, 2022). It has been documented that supplementation of Vitamin B6 can be useful for increasing immunity and preventing inflammation-related illnesses due to its anti-inflammatory properties (Bourgin et al, 2022). Vitamin B7 (Biotin) is commonly used to protect and strengthen hair, skin and nails (Elgharably et al, 2022). Functions of B7 include gene modification, cell signaling and other important metabolic processes (Elgharably et al, 2022). Apart from this, deficiency in Biotin has been linked to many diseases associated with increased inflammation (Agrawal et al, 2016). Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) is a molecule necessary for DNA synthesis and energy production (O’Leary & Samman, 2010). Deficiency of Vitamin B12 is common and has been seen to lead to reduced production of Natural Killer (NK) cells, which are lymphocytes that respond to pathogens in the body (Mitra et al, 2022). Vitamin B12 deficiency has also been seen to manifest in the form of hyperpigmentation, hair loss and nail discolouration (Elgharably et al, 2022).
Elgharably, N., Al Abadie, M., Al Abadie, M., Ball, P. A., & Morrissey, H. (2022). Vitamin B group levels and supplementations in dermatology. Dermatology reports, 15(1), 9511. https://doi.org/10.4081/dr.2022.9511 Mitra, S., Paul, S., Roy, S., Sutradhar, H., Bin Emran, T., Nainu, F., Khandaker, M. U., Almalki, M., Wilairatana, P., & Mubarak, M. S. (2022). Exploring the Immune-Boosting Functions of Vitamins and Minerals as Nutritional Food Bioactive Compounds: A Comprehensive Review. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 27(2), 555. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules27020555 Bourgin, M., Kepp, O., & Kroemer, G. (2022). Immunostimulatory effects of vitamin B5 improve anticancer immunotherapy. Oncoimmunology, 11(1), 2031500. https://doi.org/10.1080/2162402X.2022.2031500 Agrawal, S., Agrawal, A., & Said, H. M. (2016). Biotin deficiency enhances the inflammatory response of human dendritic cells. American journal of physiology. Cell physiology, 311(3), C386–C391. https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00141.2016 O'Leary, F., & Samman, S. (2010). Vitamin B12 in health and disease. Nutrients, 2(3), 299–316. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu2030299
